Alfred Deakin (3 August 1856 – 7 October 1919) was an Australian politician who served as the second Prime Minister of Australia. He was a leader of the movement for Federation, which occurred in 1901, and was one of the principal authors of the Australian constitution. During his three terms as prime minister over the subsequent decade (1903–1904, 1905–1908, 1909–1910) he played a key role in establishing national institutions.