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| - Sikhi (Sikkhī, [ˈsɪkːʰiː] or Sikhism (); Punjabi: ਸਿੱਖੀ, from ਸਿੱਖ, Sikh, 'disciple', 'seeker', or 'learner'), is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent around the end of the 15th century. It is one of the youngest of the major religions and world's fifth largest organized religion, as well as the world's ninth-largest overall religion, with about 25 million Sikhs as of the early 21st century.
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| - Sikhi (Sikkhī, [ˈsɪkːʰiː] or Sikhism (); Punjabi: ਸਿੱਖੀ, from ਸਿੱਖ, Sikh, 'disciple', 'seeker', or 'learner'), is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent around the end of the 15th century. It is one of the youngest of the major religions and world's fifth largest organized religion, as well as the world's ninth-largest overall religion, with about 25 million Sikhs as of the early 21st century. Sikhism is based on the spiritual teachings of Guru Nanak, the first Guru (1469–1539), and the nine Sikh Gurus that succeeded him. The tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, named the Sikh scripture Guru Granth Sahib as his successor, terminating the line of human Gurus and establishing the scripture as the eternal, religious spiritual guide for Sikhs. Guru Nanak taught that living an "active, creative, and practical life" of "truthfulness, fidelity, self-control and purity" is above the metaphysical truth, and that the ideal man is one who "establishes union with God, knows His Will, and carries out that Will." Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh Guru, established the miri (political/temporal) and piri (spiritual) realms to be mutually coexistent. The Sikh scripture opens with the Mul Mantar (ਮੂਲ ਮੰਤਰ), fundamental prayer about ik onkar (ੴ, 'One God'). The core beliefs of Sikhism, articulated in the Guru Granth Sahib, include faith and meditation on the name of the one creator; divine unity and equality of all humankind; engaging in seva ('selfless service'); striving for justice for the benefit and prosperity of all; and honest conduct and livelihood while living a householder's life. Following this standard, Sikhism rejects claims that any particular religious tradition has a monopoly on Absolute Truth. Sikhism emphasizes simran (ਸਿਮਰਨ, meditation and remembrance of the words of God), which can be expressed musically through kirtan, or internally through naam japna ('meditation on His name') as a means to feel God's presence. It teaches followers to transform the "Five Thieves" (i.e. lust, rage, greed, attachment, and ego). The religion developed and evolved in times of religious persecution, gaining converts from both Hinduism and Islam. Two of the Sikh gurus—Guru Arjan (1563–1605) and Guru Tegh Bahadur (1621–1675)—were tortured and executed by the Mughal rulers after they refused to convert to Islam. The persecution of Sikhs triggered the founding of the Khalsa, by Guru Gobind Singh, as an order to protect the freedom of conscience and religion, with qualities of a Sant-Sipāhī—a 'saint-soldier'.
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